Dihydrocodeine Addiction

Written by:

Nicki Hari

Last Updated:

May 7th, 2024

Many consider dihydrocodeine a ‘mild’ opioid because it is one-tenth as potent as morphine, which dangerously underestimates its potential for addiction. This common misconception could obscure the true risks, suggesting it’s less likely to lead to dependency than it actually is. Here, we examine dihydrocodeine addiction and offer resources for those seeking help with its addictive potential.

What is dihydrocodeine?

Dihydrocodeine is a semi-synthetic opioid analgesic, which means it’s partially manufactured and derived from natural opiate sources. It is chemically related to codeine and shares many of the same pharmacological properties, but it is generally considered more potent.

When dihydrocodeine enters the body, it works by binding to specific receptors in the brain and spinal cord known as opioid receptors. These receptors are part of the body’s endogenous pain-relieving system and are involved in the perception of pain, pleasure, and emotional responses. By binding to these receptors, dihydrocodeine mimics the action of naturally occurring pain-relief chemicals in the body, such as endorphins, which leads to a decrease in the sensation of pain.

In addition to its effects on pain perception, the interaction of dihydrocodeine with opioid receptors can lead to a sense of euphoria, which is a feeling of intense happiness or pleasure. This aspect of its action is responsible for the potential for misuse and dependence associated with opioids in general.

What is dihydrocodeine used for?

In a medical context, dihydrocodeine is prescribed for various reasons. Here are some reasons:

• Moderate to severe pain management: dihydrocodeine is indicated when non-opioid analgesics prove inadequate for controlling moderate to severe pain levels.
• Persistent coughing: dihydrocodeine can be prescribed for coughs as it suppresses the area in the brain responsible for the coughing mechanism.
• Post-surgery or trauma recovery: It is often prescribed for short-term relief of acute pain following surgeries or traumatic injuries, helping manage intense discomfort during recovery.
• Chronic pain management: Dihydrocodeine may be considered for ongoing pain conditions, such as those related to cancer. It’s utilised under strict medical oversight and integrated into a comprehensive pain management strategy.
• Opioid rotation strategy: When a patient’s current opioid treatment loses efficacy, switching to dihydrocodeine or another alternative can enhance pain control, known as opioid rotation.

Does dihydrocodeine have the potential to be addictive?

Yes, dihydrocodeine has the potential to be addictive due to the drug being a semi-synthetic opioid. People may develop tolerance with regular or prolonged use, meaning they need higher doses to achieve the same effect. There’s also the chance for developing a physical dependence on dihydrocodeine, where the body comes to rely on the drug to function normally.

If someone dependent on dihydrocodeine stops taking it suddenly, they may experience withdrawal symptoms such as,

• Restlessness
• Muscle aches
• Insomnia
• Diarrhoea
• Vomiting
• Cold flashes
• Involuntary leg movements
• Watery eyes
• Runny nose
• Sweating
• Yawning
• Fever
• Nausea

Due to these uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms, many will continue taking dihydrocodeine to stop the process from happening. This strategy can worsen the addiction.

Because of its addictive potential, dihydrocodeine use is usually carefully monitored by healthcare providers. It is typically prescribed only when other pain relief measures have not been effective and for the shortest duration necessary to minimise the risk of dependence and addiction.

I have been prescribed dihydrocodeine; should I be worried?

Being prescribed dihydrocodeine doesn’t automatically mean you should be worried. Your doctor has considered its benefits for your situation, but it’s important to be aware of its potential for addiction. Managing this risk is feasible with the right approach. Here are three tips to help minimise the chances of developing an addiction to dihydrocodeine:

1. Educate yourself: Knowledge is power. Take the time to learn about dihydrocodeine’s effects and potential side effects. The internet can be a valuable resource, but feel free to ask your doctor any questions. They should be eager to explain the risks and help you understand how to use the medication safely.
2. Follow prescription guidelines: Adherence to your doctor’s prescription is crucial. Don’t take more than recommended, and avoid using it in ways not specified by your healthcare provider. This helps ensure the medication works as intended without increasing the risk of dependency.
3. Regular check-ins with your doctor: Schedule follow-up appointments to discuss your experience with dihydrocodeine. These check-ins are a good opportunity to address any concerns or side effects you’re experiencing and allow your doctor to assess your response to the medication and adjust your treatment plan if necessary.

Dihydrocodeine addiction signs and symptoms

Understanding dihydrocodeine addiction symptoms is crucial to recognise early signs in yourself or loved ones, ensuring timely intervention and support.

The signs and symptoms of dihydrocodeine addiction can be categorised into physical, psychological and behavioural aspects:

Physical symptoms

• Tolerance: Needing more of the drug to achieve the same effect.
• Withdrawal symptoms: Experiencing symptoms such as sweating, shaking, nausea and diarrhoea when not taking the drug.
• Changes in sleep patterns: This can include insomnia or excessive sleeping.
• Weight loss: Due to decreased appetite or neglect of dietary needs.
• Constipation: A common side effect of opioid use.
• Drowsiness: Feeling unusually sleepy or having difficulty staying awake during the day.

Psychological symptoms

• Cravings: Strong desire or urge to use dihydrocodeine.
• Anxiety or depression: Increased feelings of worry, unease or sadness.
• Mood swings: Rapid and extreme changes in mood.
• Reduced ability to feel pleasure: Difficulty experiencing joy or happiness from activities that used to be enjoyable.

Behavioural symptoms

• Doctor shopping: Visiting multiple doctors to obtain more prescriptions. This type of behaviour is usually found in countries with privatised medical health care systems.
• Isolation from friends and family: Withdrawing from social interactions and activities.
• Neglecting responsibilities: Failing to meet work, school or family obligations.
• Using dihydrocodeine in dangerous situations: Taking the drug while driving or in other unsafe contexts.
• Continued use despite negative consequences: Using the drug even when it causes problems with health, relationships or the law.

How do I know if I’m addicted to dihydrocodeine?

Regular check-ins on how you’re feeling and how you’re using dihydrocodeine can help identify early signs of dependency or addiction, which is essential for taking steps toward maintaining your health and well-being. Here are six questions that you could ask yourself:

1. Do you take more dihydrocodeine than prescribed or doses more frequently than directed?
2. Do you feel an intense urge or craving to take dihydrocodeine?
3. Have you tried to cut down or stop using dihydrocodeine but couldn’t?
4. Do you spend a lot of time obtaining, using or recovering from the effects of dihydrocodeine?
5. Have you neglected your responsibilities at home, work or school because of your dihydrocodeine use?
6. Do you continue to use dihydrocodeine despite knowing it’s causing you physical or psychological harm?

Answering ‘yes’ to any of these questions might indicate a dependency or addiction to dihydrocodeine. It’s important to approach these questions honestly and consider seeking professional help if you find yourself answering affirmatively.

Treatment options for dihydrocodeine addiction

Sanctuary Lodge offers a comprehensive treatment programme for dihydrocodeine addiction, emphasising both the physical and emotional aspects of recovery.

Your rehabilitation journey begins with detoxification, a crucial first step that addresses your physical dependency on dihydrocodeine. This process is closely monitored by healthcare professionals, ensuring you receive 24/7 care to manage withdrawal symptoms safely and effectively.

After detox, the focus shifts to addressing the psychological underpinnings of your addiction. Sanctuary Lodge employs a range of therapeutic options, including Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), to help you understand and change your behaviours and thought patterns related to substance use. In addition to these traditional therapy options, the facility offers holistic treatments like yoga and art therapy, recognising the importance of healing both your mind and body.

Finally, Sanctuary Lodge emphasises the importance of aftercare in your recovery process. We offer counselling and access to support groups to provide ongoing support and resources as you transition back into daily life. The aim here is to reduce the risk of relapse by creating a supportive community and continuous personal growth.

What are the next steps?

Feeling trapped by dihydrocodeine addiction can be overwhelming, but remember that you’re not alone. Sanctuary Lodge offers a compassionate, supportive environment to help you regain control and start anew. Our experienced team provides tailored treatments that understand the journey you’re on. Don’t let addiction define you. Take the first step towards a healthier, happier life by contacting Sanctuary Lodge today.